The Back-Benchers' Blog

Author Archive

American nationalism: A personal take

Posted by Sumedh Risbud on June 18, 2010

When I listen to Obama’s oratory, pass by the ‘star-spangled banners’ fluttering in the doorways or backyards of every other house, or watch America painted by the ablest artists of the popular Hollywood motion pictures, I can’t help but notice the hints of American patriotism and nationalism being dropped at me. Mind wonders in such cases and thoughts wander about. How did this huge nation gain so much of oneness? Was the cause as proximal as 9/11? Distal as Pearl Harbour? Or is the reason any deeper than crises bringing the populace together? I thought it would be a good idea to inspect how the nation became what it is in its present state. I started from the geographical perspective. The question to consider here is, ‘How united states of America became a single nation that consists all 50 of them in their present geographical configuration?’ After surveying the internet content, a couple of Wikipedia pages inter alia (particularly ‘Territorial changes of the United States’ and ‘Territorial Evolution of the United States’) a brief history of the nation suggests the following timeline of prominent events (see the map here):

  1. 1776: Declaration of foundation of the American Nation
  2. 1783: Recognition of foundation of the American Nation, boundaries agreed upon with the European Imperial Powers in various treaties, like the Treaty of Paris
  3. 1803: The Louisiana Purchase; Jefferson bought a huge landmass from Napoleon for USD 15 million in those days.
  4. 1845: Republic of Texas merges with the Federation
  5. 1848: Landmass containing California, etc. bought from Mexico for USD 15 million in those days after the Mexican-American war
  6. 1867: Alaska purchased from Russia
  7. 1898: Republic of Hawaii annexed

The chronology suggested me a couple of things: 1) The American nation as we see it today is only about a century and a half old, 2) Major part of the nation was bought from other contemporary Imperial Powers (noteworthy point here is that the nation was ‘Founded’ or ‘Established’, parts of it were ‘bought’).

Now, if I may impose my analysis on the observations it should be as follows: Perfusion of a oneness despite of religious or lingual diversity is a slow process. Any Chinese or Indian can vouch for this. Americans show almost a monolithic oneness in terms of Abrahmic religions and English language because of their almost common European ancestry. Otherwise they have not had enough time to undergo the process of achieving a unity in diversity – it’s a nascent culture compared to, say China, or India. The nationalism of American nation (in its present geographical form) sprang into action for the first time during WW-I (1917, Lusitania sank in 1915, drowning 128 Americans), then it was prominent when WW-II was 2 years old (1941, Pearl Harbour). In more recent times, we have seen the Americans going patriotic (a) over the a significant part of a generation wiped in Korea and Vietnam, (b) over the elite Marines killed in the Gulf war of 1990-91, (c) the losses in the latest Afghanistan and Iraq conflicts, the former being a reaction against the attack on the World Trade Center. And here is the point that I want to convey. The nationalism of America seems crisis-driven to me. It is purely militaristic. This is the kind of nationalism I personally detest.

My guess says that a lack of appreciable amount of history forces an average American to take pride in such national achievements as wars. If at all an American can talk about any history with some affection (other than the 400 years of the nation), it is medieval European, ancient Greek or Roman history; the affection reflects itself abundantly in the architecture of the Capitol and the capital in general.  But in that case, the history lacks nationalism. To deliver the punch-line, the history lacks nationalism and the nationalism lacks history.

Thus, I smile when an American talks (on TV, or podium, or otherwise) of defending their ‘American way of life’ by invading a long list of countries. For, I do not understand the significance of those words in a mere century-old American context. It also makes me sad because such an attitude forces a cascade of events; survival becomes the supreme need for many nations.

PS: If I have hurt any feelings, especially American ones, my apologies. Correction of any factual errors is welcome. E&OE.

Posted in General, Philosophy, Politics, War | Tagged: , | 7 Comments »

Sanskrit Dictionary

Posted by Sumedh Risbud on May 18, 2010

If Mr. Monier Monier-Williams could complete it in 1870s, why can’t we? May be we are lacking the motivation Mr. MW had. But then, his motivation was to provide facilities for the translation of our Scriptures into Sanskrit, and for the promotion of better knowledge of the religions and customs of India, as the best key to a knowledge of the religious needs of our great Eastern Dependency [MW Dictionary, page ix-x, ed. 1899]. He also said that he was merely following in the footsteps of his venerated master, Prof. H .H .Wilson, who held the Boden Chair at the Indian Institute at Oxford. The chair was founded after a certain Mr. Boden whose munificent bequest was to promote the translation of the Scriptures into Sanskrit, so as ‘to enable his countrymen to proceed in the conversion of the natives of India to the Christian Religion’ [MW Dictionary, page ix, ed. 1899]. May be irrational establishments like religion serve this purpose of generating a fervour and dedication to sustain a constant motivation for big projects. May be cold-minded rational people get too bored too soon when it comes to monumental works like compiling encyclopedia or dictionaries. Bureaucrats sanctioning money and requisite posts does not suffice. May be some other kind of carrot has to be dangled. Or may be the project simply lacks publicity of any sort. Whatever the case may be, the following just makes me sad: http://www.indianexpress.com/news/60-years-later-sanskrit-dictionary-stuck-in-first-letter/619837/2

So this is a request to all who come across this post: Please try to find out more about this project. It is currently in progress in Pune’s Deccan College. If you know any Sanskrit scholars, incite them to help the Deccan College. If you are a Sanskrit scholar, well.. need I say more?

Posted in General | Tagged: , , | Leave a Comment »

An encounter with the Hipster-kind

Posted by Sumedh Risbud on February 13, 2010

I think it is the effect of widespread industrialisation that the habit of standardising everything gets inherently ingrained into an industrialised society. So much so that even the society itself can be classified quite rigouroursly, with clearly defined stereotypes for each class. A typical American hipster for instance, is somewhere between 23 to 37 years old, without a socially ‘respectable’ job, (stereo)typically slipped into fashionably torn attire and attention seeking canvas shoes. (S)He is usually a member of a band producing music that caters primarily to none other than the other hipsters within 50 km radius. There is no appreciable source of income and living in self-inflicted poverty is respected within this class of the society. The hippies of the 70s are social predecessors of the hipsters of 90s, 00s and 10s. Being vegetarian/vegan and apologetic about the state of the world is a norm amongst the hipsters.

Several thousand kilometers across the globe, there is a class of people in India. Now, India is not an industrialised country and a much ancient society with a lot of baggage than the Americans. So creating such blanket stereotypes as their counterparts in America is quite futile. Yet, this class can vaguely be identified. These people are economically well-off, coming from higher-middle class of the Indian society. They are typically in their late 20s or 30s. They favour torn jeans for higher price than normal ones, they love talking about global peace, listening to the Beatles (still!), and other such activities. Usually they are students of the humanities. Nationalism is a strictly despised word in this class. In short, there are striking similarities between the hipsters of America and this class of India.

The major difference between the American hipster and its Indian counterpart is the economic stratum to which they belong. The former prefers self-inflicted poverty, while the latter is invariably a rich kid. Then why has the hipster agenda been picked up by this Indian class?

I think the answer lies in the sudden globalisation of Indian society and economy. Post-1991, the American culture is easily accessible to Indians. Especially to the Indians with money. Hipsters are primarily a post-gulf war breed (/post-Berlin-wall/post-Cold war/post-Fall of Iron Curtain… 1989-1991 were the most happening years of my generation, weren’t they?). The timing is perfect. We should also acknowledge the fact that life-style of the rich of America is practically out-of-bounds for an average Indian of the higher-middle economic class. Conveniently, the lifestyle of the hipsters is trendy and ‘cool’, and most importantly, affordable. Q.E.D.

[Acknowledgment: I thank my flat-mate for most of the keen observations of the hipster-kind. Our discussions on this entire topic have made most of this post possible.]

Posted in General | Tagged: , , | 3 Comments »

 
Follow

Get every new post delivered to your Inbox.